Male Procedures
1. Abdominoplasty
An abdominoplasty or tummy tuck is an operation to cut away loose skin and fat in your abdominal area and tighten up the muscles. Additionally, abdominal muscles that are stretched and weakened are tightened, giving the appearance of a firmer and flatter tummy. This procedure can dramatically reduce the appearance of a protruding abdomen.
With age, previous pregnancy, genetics or weight loss, the skin around your abdomen becomes lax and may develop stretch marks. This lax skin will not respond to diet and exercise, although the underlying fat may reduce.
The aim of the tummy tuck is to flatten the profile of the abdomen (tummy). Typically, patients have already lost weight but are left with loose folds of skin in their abdomen that need corrective surgery.
The best candidates for plastic surgery tummy tuck are people who are in good physical shape but still have a paunch or loose abdominal skin that just won’t disappear despite dieting and exercise. Women with multiple pregnancies whose skin is stretched as well as patients who have lost a lot of weight and are suffering from a loss of elasticity in the abdomen area are good candidates for tummy tucks.
This procedure does not remove stretch marks above the level of the umbilicus. A tummy tuck operation is not a contraindication to future pregnancy, but the cosmetic result may reduce somewhat after a pregnancy or excess weight gain. It is possible to have another tummy tuck if this happens and the benefits as well as the risks and precautions are exactly the same as the first time.
Full Tummy Tuck
A full tummy tuck involves excision of the loose skin and fat below the level of the umbilicus, and repair of the abdominal muscles. Some amount of Vaser lipo may be done as well to enhance the contours of the waist. Surgery is done under general anesthesia and may take between two to four hours. If your tummy muscles are in good condition and do not need to be repaired, then recovery is short, and you can resume full activities much sooner.
Mini Tummy Tuck
A mini tummy tuck, or partial abdominoplasty is much less invasive than a full abdominoplasty and can be done as a day care surgery. A mini tummy tuck requires a smaller incision, and leaves the belly button intact. In some cases the mini tummy tuck is performed along with Vaser Lipo.
2. Pectoral enlargement
Pectoral enlargement is a surgical procedure to enhance the size and shape of a man’s chest.
If you are a person who exercises regularly, but are still not able to get the size and definition of the ‘Pecs’ that you really want, you may be a candidate for a pectoral implant.
Pectoral implants are done either to correct an imbalance or asymmetry of the chest, or because you are unable to get the size and shape you want by exercise alone.
Pectoral Implants are made of a silicon shell, filled with saline or silicone.
Pectoral Implant Procedure
A small incision of approximately four centimetres in length is made either around the areola or in the armpit. This will depend on your build and the type of implant you have chosen.
A pocket is created and the implant is placed in the pocket, either directly behind the pectoral tissue or underneath the pectoral muscle. The implants are then centred beneath the nipples.
The procedure takes about an hour, and is usually done under general anaesthesia.
3. Gynaecomastia
Gynaecomastia is a condition where there is enlargement of the male breasts.
It is a fairly common condition affecting about 40 % of men of all ages, right from their teens to the late 60’s. It is the result of accumulation of fat in the male breast and also of the enlargement of the glandular tissue of the breast.
There is no obvious cause for gynaecomastia, such as disease, etc., but it is believed to be multifactorial. It is commoner in obese individuals, and may result from hormonal fluctuations or as a side effect of certain medications.
Men with gynaecomastia are embarrassed and self-conscious about their appearance. They do not like to wear tight t-shirts, or take off their shirts in public or to go swimming. This affects their social and family life as they are unable to participate in family activities with their children.
Surgery for Gynaecomastia
Surgery for the correction of gynaecomastia depends on whether the enlargement is due to fat, breast tissue, or both. The size of the enlarged breasts also matter because there may be excess skin as well.
Vaser Liposelection
This is a minimally invasive procedure with a virtually invisible scar. It involves the removal of the gland and fatty tissue through a tiny puncture in the armpit. It is done as a day care procedure, and you are sent home in a few hours.
Excision
Formal excision of the glandular breast tissue is done, which involves an incision around the areola. The scar can be minimized, and is usually not noticeable. This procedure can also be done under local anesthesia, and you can go home in a few hours.
Liposelection with excision
Gynaecomastia is most commonly treated by a combination of liposuction of the fat accumulated in the breast and excision of the breast tissue, if present in excess. This procedure can also be done under local anesthesia, and you can go home in a few hours.
Excision with free nipple transfer
In some patients with very large breasts there may be a lot of excess skin after removing the excess fat and breast tissue, necessitating the removal of skin as well. The nipple- areola complex may need to be shifted to a new appropriate location in these cases. It is a more extensive surgery, requiring usually a day or so in hospital.
4. Surgery of the Ear
Most people who dislike their ears think that they are too large or that they stick out. Women can disguise this problem more easily than men, because they can adjust their hairstyle to minimize ear show. Growing up with protruding and odd shaped ears, however, can have a huge psychological impact on a child, who may become the object of jokes.
In today’s fashion-conscious world, ladies also tend to wear heavy earrings, which may cause the hole in the earlobe to enlarge, or even tear if the earrings are caught in clothing or pulled out by accident.
Cosmetic Ear Surgery, or Otoplasty, involves a number of procedures to correct prominent ears, as well as other problems, such as torn ear lobes or enlarged ear-ring holes.
Surgery for Prominent Ears (Bat ears)
This procedure is also known as pinnaplasty, and is a relatively simple and short surgery, with minimal recovery time. It is done under Local Anesthesia in adults, and under General Anesthesia for children, usually as a day care surgery.
Surgery for Torn Earlobes
This involves repairing earring holes which have become enlarged due to wearing heavy jewelry, or have torn completely due to earrings getting caught in clothing, or being pulled by small children.
Reconstruction of a Birth Defect
Congenital deformities of the ears are not very common, but these defects may have a severe impact on the psyche of the child. Depending on the ear structures and tissues present, a number of surgical procedures can be done to correct these deformities.
Ears Too Close To Your Head
This extremely rare condition can be rectified by placing a piece of cartilage (or silicone) underneath your skin and behind your ear to push your ear forward into a normal position.
Other Ear Irregularities
Other irregularities cause problems as well. For example, your ears can be too large, or the upper area of your ears can droop over (Lop Ears) or be pointed. In addition, the lobes of your ears can be too big or torn and disfigured.
5. Face Lift
As people age, the contours of their faces begin to soften and develop wrinkles and furrows, and the skin of the cheeks and jaw begins to sag. This gives you a tired look, and makes you look older than you feel.
A Face Lift is a procedure that is done in people who want to rejuvenate their face. It is also known as Rhytidectomy. The goal of a facelift is to reduce the obvious signs of aging by removing excess fat and tightening the skin and underlying tissue causing wrinkles, creases and lines to disappear.
A facelift is normally required after the age of 40. The type of procedure that would suit you depends on the area of the face that concerns you, the amount of excess skin, fat and the quality of your tissues.
Face Lift Procedures
The face is usually divided into thirds for examination as well as treatment, and there are a number of procedures are available to treat the relevant areas. Surgical face lift procedures are done under General Anaesthesia.
Techniques available:
Traditional Facelift
A traditional facelift involves a large incision along the margin of the ears through which the entire facial skin and muscles are raised, tightened and redraped, giving your face a more youthful appearance, with better-defined contours and the disappearance of most of your wrinkles.
Mini – Facelift
A mini facelift is a surgical procedure that involves smaller and fewer incisions than a traditional facelift. The correction achieved is not as dramatic as a full facelift, but it is very useful in younger patients. People who have done a mini facelift may never need a full traditional facelift in the future.
Laser Facelift
In younger patients who want to delay the early signs of ageing, a laser facelift may be of certain benefit, as there are no incisions or sutures, and the recovery time is short. However this procedure is not for all patients.
Endoscopic Facelift
An endoscopic facelift is done using multiple tiny incisions to gain access to the tissues under the skin. It is quite effective if you do not have too much loose skin. The effect, however is not as pronounced as a surgical facelift.
Threadlift
A threadlift is a minimally invasive procedure that uses specially designed surgical sutures to suspend sagging facial tissues. It is effective in select cases, and the effects last for a shorter period. However the procedure is short, most patients going home the same day, and it can be repeated if necessary.
Non- Surgical Facelift
This is a term used for a number of procedures, used alone or in combination, to reduce the effects of ageing of the face. These procedures involve Botox, Fillers and Dermabrasion.
6. Vaser Liposelection
Vaser Liposelection or Vaser Lipo is the latest technological development in fat reduction surgery. The strategic removal of fat from different areas of the body using the Vaser system is known as Liposelection. The Vaser is a medical device which liquefies fat in selected areas of the body through multiple tiny incisions strategically placed so as to be concealed by the undergarments. Vaser Liposelection uses state-of-the-art ultrasound technology designed to gently reshape your body. Innovative Vaser technology breaks up fat selectively, while preserving other structures like blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue, therefore reducing the pain, bleeding, saggy skin and irregular contouring that may occur with traditional liposuction.
Vaser Lipo can be used for the removal of large amounts of fat as well as for “spot reduction” of troublesome areas, and is also used for high- definition body sculpting such as creating a “six-pack” tummy.
Almost any area of the body can be treated such as the tummy, love handles, waist, arms, back, hips, buttocks and thighs. It also gives excellent results for male and female breast reduction without scars. Vaser Lipo can even be safely used in areas where traditional liposuction is risky such as on the face and neck to reduce a double chin and for treating fatty calves.
7. Rhinoplasty
Your nose is the most prominent feature of your face. Regardless of which direction you view your face your nose is always the center of attention. Many people are unhappy with the appearance of their nose, thinking it too large, wide, crooked or curved.
A ‘Nose Job’ or Rhinoplasty can dramatically improve the appearance of a nose, and correct imperfections, and is performed for cosmetic reasons or for reconstructive purposes to correct birth defects, chronic breathing problems or after injury.
The aim of rhinoplasty is to reshape the nose and correct any disproportion. A nose can be made smaller and shapelier, the width of the nostrils can be reduced, the tip can be raised, a curved hump can be removed, the angle of the nose with the lip can be changed, depending on your specific complaint and the proportion of the rest of your features.
It can be combined with other surgical procedures such as chin augmentation to enhance the aesthetic results.
There are two main sculpting techniques used in rhinoplasty surgery.
Open Rhinoplasty
Open rhinoplasty involves making an incision on the skin outside the nose, in order to peel back the skin and fully visualize the bones and cartilages. It provides the best access for technical precision.
Closed Rhinoplasty
In a closed rhinoplasty, all the incisions are made inside the nostrils, so that there are no scars visible on the outside. However, this procedure is more technically challenging and may not be indicated for all patients.
8. Minimally invasive Surgery
Fillers
Temporary Fillers
Injectable fillers are one of the most popular facial rejuvenation techniques. As a person ages, our tissues begin to sag due to the effects of gravity, sun exposure, diet, genetics, and years of facial movement and expression. All these factors contribute to the development of lines, wrinkles and folds in the face.
Modern day fillers give shape with the body’s own natural material called collagen or hyaluronic acid. They bind water in your skin, to lift and give new firmness. After injection, the gel binds water and generally remains for many months. One of the great advantages of temporary fillers is that they are long-lasting but not permanent.
How long a treatment holds its effect is very individual. This depends on many factors, such as your age, skin type, lifestyle and muscle activity, as well as the injection technique. Once fully absorbed the gel disappears unnoticed from the body.
Most patients choose to have a follow-up treatment six to twelve months after an initial treatment of wrinkles or facial contouring. After lip treatments, a follow-up is normally needed after about six to nine months.
Permanent Fillers
Permanent fillers are also available to correct contour defects of the face and body, especially for plumping up the lips. These materials do not get absorbed by the body and therefore have a long lasting effect.
Botox
Repeated facial movements such as frowning, squinting, laughing etc. form lines known as dynamic wrinkles. These are commonly seen around the eyes, forehead, and mouth, and may give the appearance of advancing age. Botox works by relaxing the muscles that cause dynamic wrinkles giving the face a rejuvenated appearance. The procedure is so simple and quick that patients can have it done in their lunch hour, and go back to work immediately after.
When injected by a trained doctor, the procedure takes just a few minutes. The wrinkle-smoothing result can be seen within days, and can last for 3 – 6 months. It is a simple, noninvasive treatment that gives more relaxed, refreshed, and younger-looking faces.
Specific areas can be targeted for Botox treatment, such as ‘Crow’s Feet’ around the eyes, drooping eyebrows or the deep lines around the mouth.
Botox can also be used to reduce excessive sweating of the hands and armpits.
Threadlifts
As we begin to age our tissues become weak, we lose subcutaneous fat and the underlying support structure becomes lax and begins to sag. Sagging is seen earliest around the cheeks, eyes, brows, the jowls, and neck creating a longer and older-looking face, with blurred or softened jaw lines.
The Threadlift procedure is a minimally invasive procedure that utilizes sutures to mechanically lift the skin. It is most commonly used in the face and neck to correct signs of early ageing, although it can be used to lift sagging breasts and buttocks. It is usually done under Local anaesthesia and IV sedation, or entirely by local anaesthesia as a day care surgery.
Threadlifts are done using absorbable or permanent threads, and can make you look upto ten years younger. The effect of a threadlift usually lasts for 2 – 3 years, after which gravity and age begin to catch up with you again. Threadlifts with absorbable threads can be repeated if necessary.
Fat injections
Fat injections are also very useful to fill out aged sunken areas of the face and body, and restore the volume of youth. The fat is first removed from an area of your own body, processed and reinjected into areas that are depressed.
Fat injections are mostly used to augment the breasts, lips, and cheeks, and to correct any depressions or asymmetries. Fat injection can give a much longer lasting effect than temporary fillers.
The Fat can be mixed with Stem cells, also derived from your fat and the combination gives a better, longer lasting look.
9. Hair Restoration / Transplantation
The hair on your head is often described as your crowning glory, and it is therefore a cause of concern to you when you see it thinning or falling out. This is a problem common to both men and women, although the patterns of the hair loss are different in both cases.
There are a number of options, from medical to surgical that can help you slow or stop hair loss, or even restore your lost hair.
Medical hair restoration involves using a number of medicines to slow down hair loss, and even restore some hair. It is the first line of management in hair loss.
Surgical hair restoration is for more advanced cases of hair loss, and can be done in both men and women. It involves transplanting hair from one site to the area of hair loss.
About Hair Loss
A hair follicle is composed of a structural protein called keratin which is present in our nails and the outer layer of our skin.
Each strand of hair consists of three layers:
- The innermost core known as medulla found only in mature thick hair
- The middle layer or the cortex , the main body of the hair which provides color, texture and strength to hair
- The outermost colorless layer or cuticle , the main function of which is to protects the cortex
A hair follicle is composed of a structural protein called keratin which is present in our nails and the outer layer of our skin. Each strand of hair consists of three layers:
- Anagen – Growth Phase (2-6 years, 85% of scalp).
- Catagen – Transitional phase (30 to 60 days)
- Telogen – Resting Phase (2 to 3 weeks, 10-15%)
Hair loss in men
Male–Pattern Baldness (Androgenic alopecia) is the commonest cause of balding in men.
Male hormones or androgens (DHT) are present in both men and women, though the concentrations vary greatly. The production of DHT, and also the density and the location of androgen-sensitive hair follicles on the scalp is genetically determined. It is the metabolism of these androgens which is the main cause of Androgenic Alopecia.
Proper nutrition is also critical for the maintenance of the hair. DHT prevents the necessary proteins, vitamins and minerals from providing nourishment to the hair follicles.
Male pattern baldness is classified according to the Norwood scale.
Hair loss in women
The typical pattern of female baldness is different from that of male pattern baldness. Although thinning of hair is seen all over, the frontal hairline is usually preserved. Widening of the parting is also often seen. Female pattern balding is permanent, although it rarely progresses to total baldness, but it can cause severe distress.
Female pattern baldness is classified according to the Ludwig Scale.
Hair loss can also occur for other reasons such as:
- Temporary shedding of hair (Telogen effluvium) usually after a stressful period such as pregnancy, severe illness, etc.
- Breaking of hair (from styling or straightening of hair)
- Patchy areas of total hair loss (alopecia areata) due to disease or allergy
- Thyroid Diseases
- Certain skin diseases
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